We also compared baseline and repeat scans obtained approximately 2 years later in several normal current smokers (n = 6/8 subjects enrolled). There was no significant change in CT scan scores at their 2-year visit (2.3% ± 0.4% voxels < —910 HU) compared with the baseline visit (3.7% ± 1.2%) (P = not significant).
Four-Year Follow-up: COPD-E Study Subject, Pulmonary Function
Repeat pulmonary function performed 4 years after the initial visit demonstrated that there was a statistically significant reduction in FEV1 (P = .04) (Fig 2), but no significant change in Dlco (Table 1) or volume-adjusted Dlco (Fig 3). Eight of the 10 subjects with COPD-E demonstrated reductions in FEV1 over the 4-year study, and two subjects did not (Fig 2).
Persistent Sputum Neutrophil Inflammation (MPO), and Neutrophil Chemoattractants (LTB4, IL-8) in Subjects with COPD-E Who Quit Smoking for 4 Years: Comparison of COPD-E and Normal Control Subjects
Subjects with COPD-E had statistically significantly higher levels of sputum MPO (Fig 4A), LTB4 COPD-E/Ex-Smoker
| Demographic | Nonsmokers at Year 0 | Smokers at Year 0 | iat Year 0 | 1at Year 4 |
| Subjects, No. | 7 | 8 | 10 | 10 |
| Sex, male Kamagra | 1 (6) | 4 (4) | 9 (1) | 9 (1) |
| (female) Age, y | XT + 1 О Ю | 52 ± 3 | 69 ± 2 | 4^ 1 + |
| Smoking, | 0 | 41 (25-264) | 61 (34-112) | 61 (34-112) |
| median (range), pack-years Years of not | NA | NA | 15.1 ± 7.6 | 20.3 ± 2.1 |
| smokingCotinine, | < 10 | 224 ± 51 | < 10 | < 10 |
| ng/mL Chest CT | 5.6 ± 1.7 | 2.3 ± 0.4 | 34.2 ± 4.5 | 51.0 ± 1.0 |
| scan, %FEV1, % | 98 ± 5 | 97 ± 5 | 1 + 4^ | 38 ± 3 |
| predicted Dlco, % | 76.7 ± 3.8 | 82.1 ± 5.4 | 42.7 ± 2.9 | 36.5 ± 2.6 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise noted. Subjects with COPD-E returned approximately 4 y after year 0 for follow-up. The mean duration between visits year 0 and year 4 was 4 y and 5 mo. Nine out of 10 subjects had their follow-up visits 4 to 5 y after their year 0 visit. One out 10 subjects had their return visit 3 y and 11 mo after the baseline year 0 visit. COPD-E = COPD-emphysema; Dlco= diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; HU = Hounsfield unit; NA = not applicable.